Inventors
Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce
1958–1959 · The integrated circuit
Texas / California
Kilby showed that a circuit’s parts could share one crystal. Noyce showed how to interconnect them with printed metal so a factory could run. Together they stopped wiring transistors by hand. Moore’s later observation is a rumor this pair made plausible.
Why it mattered
- Turned electronics into a printing industry.
- Made computers small enough for desks, then pockets.
